Alan Reifman, Texas Tech University
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Measurement Approaches Involving Historical Documents
and Other Materials
(Original documents, microfilms, or from
the web)
Sources:
- Books
- Newspapers/Magazines
- Maps
- Almanacs
- Government Reports
- Papers of Famous People (e.g., Presidents, Supreme Court Justices)
- Television Shows or Movies
ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
Obtain numerical information and use directly:
- Study of University of Iowa (and town of Iowa City): Correlation
between alcohol accessibility (obtained from
minutes of City Council meetings that showed the number of liquor license
approvals for bars and restaurants near campus, from 1983-2005) and
student alcohol misuse (UI police data on operating
vehicle while intoxicated [OWI], public intoxication, and other liquor law
violations, for the same years). Click
here and then go to p. 14 for article. Article notes that, "The
number of establishments serving alcohol in [district] CB-10 (the downtown area)
in Iowa City increased from 18 in 1983 to 43 in 2005." Note
also the rise in alcohol violations over the years, in Figure 1.
- Number of
batters hit by pitch (HBP) in a game and temperature (obtained from newspaper microfilms)
- Study of "social loafing," that people put forth less effort in groups than when alone, compared quality of singly and jointly written
Beatles songs; each song’s quality was operationally defined as selection for single (yes or no) and
Billboard Magazine chart rankings (obtained from music publications)
- Study of how Chicago neighborhoods termed "Food
Deserts" (far away from supermarkets, but near fast-food places) have
increased health problems (uses maps, business addresses, and health statistics)
- Our Spring 2008
class project
CONTENT ANALYSIS
Obtain information, which judges then rate on certain characteristics
- Idea that Olympic bronze medalists (3rd place) may be happier than silver medalists (2nd place) even though they finished lower (bronze happy to win any medal, silver thinks about how could have won gold); judges rated silver and bronze medalists’ facial expressions at end of event and on medal stand from videotapes of NBC 1992 Summer Olympic coverage;
example of medal stand from 2004 (team led by University of Colorado researcher, using
2000 Olympics, has
built upon the original findings
from Cornell University, which were based on 1992 Olympics)
- As fathers' roles have changed (somewhat) over the decades, with
greater involvement in housework and child care, have
depictions of dads in newspaper comic strips kept pace?
(Database of cartoons, not necessarily
ones used in study; see "Robert Brocksmith," keyword "housework")
References: Baseball (Reifman et al., 1991, PSPB); Beatles (Jackson & Padgett, 1982, PSPB); Olympics (Medvec et al., 1995 v69, JPSP;
McGraw et al., 2005, JESP); Comics (LaRossa et al., 2000, JMF)